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A Concise Review on Qualitative Research in Dentistry
Hollis Haotian Chai1, Sherry Shiqian Gao1, Kitty Jieyi Chen1
1Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|January 27, 2021
Summary
Qualitative research explores non-numerical data on human behavior and attitudes. This review offers guidance for dental researchers conducting qualitative studies, highlighting methods and potential challenges.
Area of Science:
- Social Sciences
- Health Sciences
- Dental Research
Background:
- Qualitative research gathers non-numerical data to explore complex human behaviors, attitudes, and characteristics.
- It employs open-ended questions, flexible designs, and purposive sampling, with sample size determined by theoretical saturation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of qualitative research methodologies.
- To offer specific suggestions for dental researchers undertaking qualitative studies.
- To outline the functions, challenges, and benefits of qualitative research in a dental context.
Main Methods:
- Data collection typically involves in-depth interviews, focus groups, and observations.
- Common analytical approaches include thematic analysis and framework analysis, though consensus is lacking.
- Reporting formats vary based on research questions, ranging from comprehensive to selective.
Main Results:
- Qualitative research can describe contexts, explain phenomena, evaluate effectiveness, and generate strategies.
- Challenges include time consumption, limited generalizability due to small sample sizes, and difficulties in systematic comparison.
- Strengths lie in providing depth, detail, openness, and simulating individual experiences without pre-judgement.
Conclusions:
- Qualitative research offers valuable insights into dental contexts by exploring nuanced human experiences.
- Researchers should be aware of the methodological considerations, including sampling, data analysis, and reporting.
- Adherence to best practices can enhance the rigor and impact of qualitative dental research.
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