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Tandem mass spectrometry, also known as MS/MS or MS2, is an analytical technique that employs two mass analyzers. Essentially it is a series of mass spectrometers that helps isolate a particular biomolecule and then helps study its chemical properties.
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Rapid, Sensitive and Reliable Ricin Identification in Serum Samples Using LC-MS/MS.

Liron Feldberg1, Eytan Elhanany2, Orly Laskar3

  • 1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness Ziona 74100, Israel.

Toxins
|January 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A new mass spectrometry assay rapidly and sensitively detects ricin toxin in clinical samples. This antibody-independent method uses lectin affinity capture and LC-MS/MS for identification, crucial for bioterrorism and poisoning cases.

Keywords:
LC–MS/MS (MRM)clinical samplesidentificationlactamyl-agarosericinserumsuicide

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Ricin, a highly lethal protein toxin from castor beans, poses a significant bioterrorism and self-poisoning threat.
  • Existing methods for ricin detection in clinical samples face challenges due to low concentrations and high matrix interference.
  • A rapid, sensitive, and reliable assay is crucial for timely medical intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a sensitive, selective, rapid, and antibody-independent assay for ricin identification in body fluids.
  • To utilize mass spectrometry for accurate ricin detection in complex clinical matrices.

Main Methods:

  • Lectin affinity capture of ricin using commercial lactose-agarose (LA) beads.
  • Tryptic digestion of captured ricin.
  • Targeted Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for identification of specific ricin markers.

Main Results:

  • The assay achieved ricin identification down to 5 ng/mL in serum samples within 2.5 hours.
  • Validation with diverse serum samples demonstrated high precision and accuracy.
  • Successful identification of ricin in abdominal fluid 72 hours post-ingestion in a clinical case.

Conclusions:

  • The developed assay is sensitive, selective, rapid, and antibody-independent for ricin detection in clinical samples.
  • The method offers an extended detection window, crucial for delayed clinical presentations.
  • This approach holds potential for identifying other lectin-based toxins.