A New Approach for the Fabrication of Tetragonal BaTiO₃ Nanoparticles

For the first time, the BaTiO₃ nano-sized particles were obtained through solid-state reaction by employing the titanium oxide nanoparticle. Meanwhile, by using TiO₂ with micro-sized particles, the synthesized BaTiO₃ shows the micro-sized. The XRD pattern confirms that both BaTiO₃ nano-sized and micro-sized particles display the tetragonal structure. Both SEM and TEM analysis revealed that the size of the nano-sized material is in the range of 30-50 nm; in the meantime, the microsized material shows a size of 500 nm. The Eg of both BaTiO₃ micro-sized and nano-sized were calculated by using the Kubelka-Munk function. The shifted bandgap of BaTiO₃ nano-sized particle is nearly 0.24 eV larger than that of BaTiO₃ miro-sized particle due to the particle size effect. The P-E measurement of n-BaTiO₃ proved that the obtained BaTiO₃ nano-sized is ferroelectric material. The result may provide a new route for the fabrication of barium titanate nanoparticle with ferroelectric properties.