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Homodyne-based quantum random number generator at 2.9 Gbps secure against quantum side-information.

Tobias Gehring1, Cosmo Lupo2,3, Arne Kordts4

  • 1Center for Macroscopic Quantum States (bigQ), Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark. tobias.gehring@fysik.dtu.dk.

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This study presents a quantum random number generator using vacuum state homodyne measurements. It offers enhanced security by considering quantum side-information, achieving a 2.9 Gbit/s generation rate.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Optics
  • Cryptography

Background:

  • Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) offer enhanced unpredictability over classical methods.
  • Homodyne measurements of vacuum states are a common QRNG approach.
  • Existing security proofs often overlook quantum side-information and practical imperfections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally implement a QRNG based on vacuum state homodyne measurements.
  • To develop a security proof that incorporates quantum side-information.
  • To analyze and bound the min-entropy of the generated random numbers considering real-world imperfections.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental implementation of a QRNG using homodyne detection of the vacuum state.
  • Derivation of a security proof considering quantum side-information.
  • Characterization of the system's stochastic model and min-entropy.
  • Inclusion of noise process assumptions (Gaussianity, stationarity) and practical limitations (finite bandwidth, ADC imperfections).

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of a trusted, device-dependent QRNG.
  • Achieved a real-time random number generation rate of 2.9 Gbit/s.
  • Provided a security analysis that accounts for quantum side-information and practical device imperfections.

Conclusions:

  • The developed QRNG offers enhanced security by treating side-information quantum mechanically.
  • The security analysis is more comprehensive by including realistic noise models and imperfections.
  • This work advances the practical implementation and security understanding of quantum random number generation.