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Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between atoms that have formed other chemical bonds. One of these atoms is electronegative, like oxygen, and has a partial negative charge. The other is a hydrogen atom that has bonded with another electronegative atom and has a partial positive charge.
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Partial-Single-Atom, Partial-Nanoparticle Composites Enhance Water Dissociation for Hydrogen Evolution.

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This study introduces a novel ruthenium catalyst combining nanoparticles and single atoms for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline water splitting. This advanced electrocatalyst significantly boosts clean hydrogen production from renewable energy.

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electrocatalysismultiple sitessingle‐atom catalyststheoretical calculationswater dissociation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Efficient electrocatalysts are crucial for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in water splitting.
  • Developing catalysts that promote water molecule dissociation remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an energy-efficient HER electrocatalyst for alkaline water splitting.
  • To investigate a composite catalyst of ruthenium nanoparticles and single atoms.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a partial-single-atom, partial-nanoparticle ruthenium composite on a Fe/N-doped carbon substrate.
  • Electrochemical testing in alkaline medium.
  • Experimental and theoretical calculations (DFT).

Main Results:

  • The optimal catalyst demonstrated excellent HER activity with an ultralow overpotential (9 mV at 10 mA cm⁻²).
  • Achieved high turnover frequency (8.9 H₂ s⁻¹ at 50 mV overpotential) and 100% Faraday efficiency.
  • Outperformed commercial Pt/C and other reported HER catalysts in alkaline conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The synergistic effect of ruthenium nanoparticles and single atoms enhances hydride coupling and water dissociation.
  • This composite catalyst offers a promising pathway for efficient alkaline hydrogen evolution.