Structure Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of a Novel Polysaccharide from Katan Seeds

In the present work, a novel water-soluble polysaccharide (LWSP) was purified from Katan seeds. Polysaccharide was structurally characterized by NMR spectroscopic analysis, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and UV absorption. TLC and HPLC showed that LWSP was a polysaccharide consisted mainly of glucose, mannose, xylose, and arabinose. The FTIR spectrum and UV absorption proved polysaccharide characteristic of LWSP. According to XRD, LWSP presented a semicrystalline behavior. The molecular weight was estimated as 64.56 kDa. Results obtained through ¹³C and ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) indicated that LWSP is consisted of four monosaccharide residues with α and β anomers. Physicochemical and antioxidant properties of LWSP were also investigated. Results revealed that LWSP exhibited interesting 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (IC₅₀ = 4.48 mg/ml) and chelating activity (IC₅₀ = 4.79 mg/ml), and it displayed moderate reductive capacities. Overall, the findings suggested that LWSP is a promising source of natural additives in various industries fields.