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Pediatric bronchoscopy: recent advances and clinical challenges

P Goussard1, P Pohunek2, E Eber3

  • 1Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.

Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine
|January 29, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric bronchoscopy has advanced with new tools like single-use scopes and cryoprobes, expanding therapeutic options for children. Further research and training are needed to support these growing interventional pulmonology procedures.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Interventional Bronchoscopy

Background:

  • Bronchoscopy equipment has evolved, enabling more therapeutic and interventional procedures in pediatrics.
  • Advances include smaller instruments and larger working channels, enhancing diagnostic and treatment capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements and clinical challenges in pediatric bronchoscopy.
  • To cover new technologies such as single-use bronchoscopes, endobronchial ultrasound, and cryoprobes.
  • To discuss the application of bronchoscopy in conditions like preschool wheezing and asthma.

Main Methods:

  • A literature review was conducted using PubMed.
  • Searched for articles on pediatric and interventional bronchoscopy published within the last 5 years.
  • Included studies on rigid bronchoscopy and various interventional techniques.

Main Results:

  • Indications for interventional bronchoscopy have expanded to include balloon dilatation, endoscopic intubation, airway stents, whole lung lavage, fistula closure, foreign body removal, laser, and microdebrider use.
  • Experience with bronchoscopes during the COVID-19 pandemic has informed safer practices.
  • Despite increased procedures, there is a noted scarcity of published evidence.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric interventional pulmonology is growing, with increasing numbers of procedures being performed.
  • Development of specialized training courses for pediatric interventional bronchoscopy is recommended.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic experience has led to improved safety protocols in bronchoscopy practices.

Keywords:
Pediatric bronchoscopyairway stentscovid-19endobronchial ultrasoundinterventional bronchoscopyrigid bronchoscopy

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