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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 19, 2025

Well-aligned Vertically Oriented ZnO Nanorod Arrays and their Application in Inverted Small Molecule Solar Cells
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Efficient Inverted Solar Cells Using Benzotriazole-Based Small Molecule and Polymers.

Ja Eun Lee1, Yoon Kim1, Yang Ho Na1

  • 1Department of Advanced Materials, Hannam University, Daejeon 34054, Korea.

Polymers
|January 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a small molecule solar cell (SM-SC) that achieved 5.05% power conversion efficiency (PCE) in an inverted device configuration. This significant improvement over conventional structures is attributed to enhanced energy transfer and film morphology.

Keywords:
benzotriazolemolecular aggregationmorphologypolymer solar cellssmall-molecule solar cells

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Organic Electronics
  • Photovoltaics

Background:

  • Donor-acceptor (D-A) conjugated polymers are key in organic solar cells.
  • Benzotriazole and carbazole units offer tunable electronic properties for D-A systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel D-A conjugated polymers and a small molecule for solar cell applications.
  • To investigate the impact of device architecture on the photovoltaic performance of a small molecule-based solar cell.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of medium-band-gap conjugated polymers (PBTZCZ-L, PBTZCZ-H) and a small molecule (BTZCZ-2).
  • Structural, thermal, optical, and photovoltaic property characterization.
  • Fabrication and testing of conventional and inverted solar cell devices.

Main Results:

  • BTZCZ-2-based conventional solar cells exhibited low power conversion efficiency (PCE) < 0.5%.
  • Inverted solar cell devices (glass/ITO/ZnO:PEIE/BTZCZ-2:PC71BM/MoO3/Ag) achieved a significantly improved PCE of 5.05% (Jsc: 9.95 mA/cm2, Voc: 0.89 V, FF: 57.0%).

Conclusions:

  • The inverted device architecture dramatically enhances the performance of BTZCZ-2 based solar cells.
  • High energy transfer and excellent film morphology are crucial factors for the improved efficiency in inverted devices.