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High-bandwidth, variable-resistance differential noise thermometry.

A V Talanov1, J Waissman1, T Taniguchi2

  • 1Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.

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|January 30, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a new Johnson noise thermometry method for mesoscopic devices, enabling precise temperature measurements across a wide resistance range. This technique allows for fast data acquisition and accurate thermal conductivity analysis in materials like graphene.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Nanotechnology
  • Electrical Engineering

Background:

  • Accurate temperature measurement is crucial for understanding mesoscopic devices.
  • Traditional thermometry methods face challenges with small sample sizes and variable impedance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a high-bandwidth Johnson noise thermometry technique for mesoscopic devices.
  • To enable precise temperature measurements across a broad range of sample resistances.
  • To investigate thermal conductivity in materials like graphene.

Main Methods:

  • Implemented differential noise measurement with two-stage impedance matching.
  • Utilized high-frequency, single-ended low noise amplifiers at cryogenic temperatures.
  • Achieved thermometer calibration with 650 μK precision for a 200 mK temperature modulation.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated noise thermometry in the 120 MHz-250 MHz frequency range.
  • Covered a wide sample resistance range (30 Ω-100 kΩ) tunable by gate voltage and temperature.
  • Measured thermal conductivity of bilayer graphene and compared it to electrical conductivity.

Conclusions:

  • The developed Johnson noise thermometry is effective for mesoscopic devices with variable impedance.
  • The technique provides high precision and broad applicability for material characterization.
  • This method offers a new tool for studying thermal transport in nanoscale systems.