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A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting
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Racial and ethnic disparities in outcomes through 1 year of life in infants born prematurely: a population based

Kayla L Karvonen1, Rebecca J Baer2,3, Elizabeth E Rogers4,2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. kayla.karvonen@ucsf.edu.

Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association
|January 30, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Black and Hispanic premature infants face higher rehospitalization and mortality risks compared to White infants, particularly with conditions like bronchopulmonary dysplasia and respiratory distress syndrome. These findings highlight critical racial/ethnic disparities in infant care outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal research
  • Public health
  • Health equity

Background:

  • Premature infants are at increased risk for adverse health outcomes.
  • Racial and ethnic disparities are known to affect healthcare access and outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine racial/ethnic variations in rehospitalization and mortality rates among premature infants during their first year of life.
  • To identify specific disparities related to race/ethnicity and co-morbidities in premature infants.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study utilizing a large California healthcare database (2011-2017).
  • Analysis included over 3.4 million infants.
  • Kaplan-Meier tables and logistic regression were employed to assess outcomes by race/ethnicity, controlling for sociodemographic and health factors.

Main Results:

  • Hispanic and Black early preterm infants showed higher readmission rates than White infants.
  • Black infants born late/moderately preterm (LMPT) had increased risks of readmission and mortality.
  • Racial disparities in readmission persisted for early preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
  • Black LMPT infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) experienced higher readmission and mortality rates.

Conclusions:

  • Significant racial/ethnic disparities exist in readmission and mortality rates for premature infants, even when considering co-morbidities.
  • Addressing these inequities is crucial for improving outcomes in vulnerable infant populations.
  • Further research is recommended to develop strategies for more equitable care.
Abstract

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