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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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The Aging Bowel Dysfunction and Elderly Vulnerability towards COVID-19 Infection.

Aaron Lerner1, Mark F McCarty2

  • 1The Zabludowicz Center, for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer 5262000, Israel.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)
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Summary

Aging gastrointestinal tracts may increase severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) risks in the elderly. Nutraceuticals show promise in restoring gut barrier function for infected seniors.

Keywords:
COVID-19elderlygastrointestinal tract dysfunctionmorbiditynutraceuticals

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Virology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) primarily targets the respiratory system but also affects enteric organs.
  • Elderly residents in retirement and nursing homes are particularly vulnerable.
  • Aging gastrointestinal (GI) functions, including digestion, absorption, mucosal barriers, and immune protection, decline with age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To hypothesize that age-related GI tract failures contribute to severe morbidity and mortality in the elderly during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
  • To explore the potential of nutraceuticals in mitigating these risks.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing literature on aging GI physiology and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Hypothetical model development linking GI dysfunction to COVID-19 outcomes in the elderly.

Main Results:

  • Senescent GI functions, decreased motility, increased intestinal permeability, dysbiosis, and polypharmacy adverse effects exacerbate SARS-CoV-2 impact in the elderly.
  • The presence of the SARS-CoV-2 host receptor in the intestines supports the hypothesis.
  • Nutraceuticals may offer a protective or restorative role for intestinal barrier functions.

Conclusions:

  • Age-related enteric tract disadvantages significantly contribute to elderly morbidity and mortality during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
  • Targeting and restoring intestinal barrier function with nutraceuticals presents a potential therapeutic strategy for elderly individuals, especially those infected with SARS-CoV-2.