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Restless sleep disorder, restless legs syndrome, and periodic limb movement disorder-Sleep in motion!

Lourdes M DelRosso1, Maria P Mogavero2, Raffaele Ferri3

  • 1Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Pediatric Pulmonology
|February 2, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric sleep disorders like restless sleep disorder (RSD), restless legs syndrome (RLS), and periodic limb movements of sleep disorder (PLMD) disrupt sleep. Research is advancing to better understand and diagnose these conditions in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Movement Disorders

Background:

  • Sleep-related movement disorders (SRMDs) are common in children, often presenting as restless sleep.
  • Restless sleep affects up to 80% of children with restless legs syndrome (RLS) and periodic limb movements of sleep disorder (PLMD).
  • Restless Sleep Disorder (RSD) is a newly identified primary pediatric sleep disorder characterized by restless sleep and associated daytime consequences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe three main pediatric SRMDs: RSD, RLS, and PLMD.
  • To explain the new consensus criteria for diagnosing RSD.
  • To highlight research advancements and propose future research directions in pediatric SRMD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of published data on pediatric SRMDs.
  • Analysis of phenomenology and consequences of sleep-related movements in children.
  • Discussion of new diagnostic approaches and guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Sleep-related movements significantly disrupt sleep quality and continuity in children.
  • While research in adults is advancing, pediatric SRMD research is in its early stages.
  • Convincing evidence links sleep-related movements to disrupted sleep.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric SRMDs, including RSD, RLS, and PLMD, require further investigation.
  • Standardized diagnostic methods and specific guidelines are needed for pediatric SRMD.
  • Future research should focus on the detailed analysis of sleep-related movements in children.

Keywords:
movement disorderspediatric sleeprestless legs syndromerestless sleep

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