Chronic vertebro-jugular arteriovenous Fistula secondary to hemodialysis catheterization: A case report

Area of Science:

• Vascular Surgery
• Interventional Radiology
• Nephrology

Background:

• Central venous catheterization is a common procedure for hemodialysis.
• Iatrogenic arteriovenous fistulas are uncommon but serious complications.
• Long-term catheter use can increase the risk of vascular complications.

Observation:

• A 21-year-old male patient presented with a vertebrojugular arteriovenous fistula.
• The fistula was detected 10 years after initial central venous catheterization for hemodialysis.
• This highlights a delayed presentation of an iatrogenic vascular complication.

Findings:

• The case demonstrates a rare instance of vertebral artery iatrogenic arteriovenous fistula.
• The vertebrojugular arteriovenous fistula developed as a delayed complication of central venous catheterization.
• Successful surgical intervention was achieved for the arteriovenous fistula.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of long-term surveillance for vascular complications after central venous catheterization.
• Awareness of this rare complication is crucial for timely diagnosis and management.
• Surgical treatment can be effective for iatrogenic vertebrojugular arteriovenous fistulas.