Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 19, 2025

Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation
11:19

Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation

Published on: January 17, 2011

18.0K

Refractory Kawasaki Disease-a Challenge for the Pediatrician

Deepu Abraham1, Sridhar Kalyanasundaram2, Kandamaran Krishnamurthy3

  • 1Zulekha Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine
|February 3, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a childhood illness causing artery inflammation, particularly in coronary arteries. This overview focuses on difficult-to-treat KD cases and their alternative therapeutic strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Cardiology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, self-limiting febrile illness in children.
  • It is characterized by vasculitis, primarily affecting medium-sized arteries, with significant implications for coronary arteries.
  • While classic KD has defined criteria, atypical presentations are common and challenging for clinicians.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of Kawasaki disease.
  • To specifically address refractory or treatment-resistant cases of KD.
  • To discuss available treatment options for resistant Kawasaki disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of Kawasaki disease.
  • Focus on clinical presentation and diagnostic criteria.
  • Analysis of treatment strategies for resistant cases.

Main Results:

  • Most KD cases respond to standard treatment (intravenous immunoglobulin and aspirin).
  • A subset of patients exhibit resistance to initial therapy.
  • Alternative treatments are necessary for these refractory cases.

Conclusions:

  • Kawasaki disease requires careful diagnosis, including recognition of atypical forms.
  • Refractory KD presents a clinical challenge requiring consideration of alternative therapies.
  • Management of resistant Kawasaki disease is crucial to prevent long-term complications.

Keywords:
Atypical Kawasaki diseaseCoronary artery aneurysmsCoronary dilationIV immunoglobulinInfliximabIntravenous immunoglobulinKawasaki diseasePlasma exchangeRefractory Kawasaki diseaseSteroids

More Related Videos

Conditional Reprogramming of Pediatric Human Esophageal Epithelial Cells for Use in Tissue Engineering and Disease Investigation10:15

Conditional Reprogramming of Pediatric Human Esophageal Epithelial Cells for Use in Tissue Engineering and Disease Investigation

Published on: March 22, 2017

7.2K
Author Spotlight: Simulating Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Using a Neonatal Piglet Model04:55

Author Spotlight: Simulating Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Using a Neonatal Piglet Model

Published on: May 26, 2023

1.1K

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
105
Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
123
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
110
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
102
Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
204
Pericarditis III: Medical Management01:17

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...
105