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From a Natural Product to Its Biosynthetic Gene Cluster: A Demonstration Using Polyketomycin from Streptomyces diastatochromogenes Tü6028
Published on: January 13, 2017
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Electromembrane extraction of streptomycin from biological fluids
Frederik André Hansen1, Stig Pedersen-Bjergaard2
1Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
Journal of Chromatography. A
|February 3, 2021
Summary
Electromembrane extraction (EME) successfully isolated streptomycin, a highly polar antibiotic, from biological samples like urine and plasma. This microextraction technique offers efficient cleanup and accurate quantification for polar analytes.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Separation Science
- Biomedical Analysis
Background:
- Streptomycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is an extremely polar analyte (log P -7.6).
- Efficient extraction of highly polar compounds from complex biological matrices like urine and plasma remains challenging.
- Electromembrane extraction (EME) is a microextraction technique utilizing an electrical field for analyte transfer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the feasibility of electromembrane extraction (EME) for isolating the highly polar analyte streptomycin.
- To optimize EME conditions for extracting streptomycin from urine and plasma samples.
- To evaluate the cleanup efficiency and analytical performance of EME for streptomycin determination.
Main Methods:
- Streptomycin extraction from urine and plasma using electromembrane extraction (EME).
- Supported liquid membrane (SLM) composed of 2-nitrophenyl pentyl ether (NPPE) and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (DEHP) as an ionic carrier.
- Optimization of DEHP content in the SLM for different sample types (urine, precipitated plasma, untreated plasma) to enhance extraction efficiency and minimize matrix interference.
Main Results:
- Successful extraction of streptomycin from urine and plasma with high process efficiencies (98% for urine, 61% for plasma).
- Effective discrimination against proteins (<0.6%) and phospholipids (<0.02%), indicating significant sample cleanup.
- Achieved linear calibration (R² > 0.9929), minimal matrix effects (94-112%), good accuracy (94-125%), and acceptable precision (RSD ≤ 15% except at LLOQ).
Conclusions:
- Electromembrane extraction (EME) is a viable and efficient technique for the extraction of extremely polar basic analytes like streptomycin from biological fluids.
- The optimized EME method provides effective sample cleanup, minimizing interference from complex biological matrices.
- EME demonstrates potential for the quantitative analysis of highly polar pharmaceuticals and other relevant compounds in clinical and forensic settings.
