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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children exhibit less cognitive flexibility than adolescents in reversal learning tasks, showing more errors and slower updating of associations. This developmental difference impacts how they adapt to changing environments.

Keywords:
cognitive flexibilitydevelopmentexecutive functioningfeedback processingreinforcement learning

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Computational Psychiatry

Background:

  • Cognitive flexibility is crucial for adapting to environmental changes.
  • Reversal learning paradigms and computational modeling are key tools for studying cognitive flexibility.
  • Developmental studies using computational modeling for cognitive flexibility are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cognitive flexibility in children and adolescents using computational modeling.
  • To examine the impact of different feedback types on reversal learning.
  • To explore developmental trajectories of cognitive flexibility.

Main Methods:

  • Hierarchical Gaussian filter modeling was employed.
  • A reversal learning paradigm was administered to children and adolescents.
  • Parental ratings of subclinical rigidity were collected.

Main Results:

  • Children made more overall and regressive errors, while adolescents made fewer perseverative errors.
  • Children updated stimulus-reward associations less readily than adolescents.
  • Higher subclinical rigidity correlated with less explorative behavior in the task.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides novel computational insights into the development of cognitive flexibility.
  • Age-related differences in cognitive flexibility are linked to information updating mechanisms.
  • Everyday rigidity may influence adaptive decision-making in reversal learning.