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Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis in Infancy: The Acute Hospitalization Cost

Elena Bozzola1, Claudia Ciarlitto1, Stefano Guolo2

  • 1Pediatric and Infectious Diseases Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, Rome, Italy.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|February 4, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis incurs significant hospitalization costs in infants. Interventions targeting RSV are urgently needed due to higher costs associated with RSV infections compared to other causes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Health Economics

Background:

  • Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is a primary cause of infant hospitalizations.
  • Current prophylaxis with palivizumab is limited to high-risk infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To retrospectively analyze the acute hospitalization costs of bronchiolitis in infants.
  • To compare the costs associated with RSV bronchiolitis versus other etiologies.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of infants (1 month-1 year) hospitalized with bronchiolitis at Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, Rome, Italy, in 2017.
  • Analysis of hospitalization costs, patient demographics, and identified etiologic agents.

Main Results:

  • 531 infants were included; RSV was the primary cause (58.38%).
  • Total hospitalization cost was €2,958,786.
  • Mean cost per patient was significantly higher for RSV (5,753.43 €) than other causes (5,395.15 €).

Conclusions:

  • Bronchiolitis represents a substantial cost burden, even in tertiary care settings.
  • RSV bronchiolitis is associated with higher hospitalization costs, likely due to longer stays and intensive care admissions.
  • Cost-effective interventions for RSV are critically needed.

Keywords:
bronchiolitiscosthospitaalizationpreventionrespiratory syncitial virus

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