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Updated: Nov 18, 2025

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
Published on: March 1, 2015
Fairouz Chouikh1, Eric J Dierks2
1Clinique de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale du Grand Montréal, 1055 Beaver Hall, Suite 301, Montréal, Québec H2Z 1S5, Canada.
This article details the buccal fat pad flap, covering its history, anatomy, surgical techniques, and patient care. It also discusses potential complications for reconstructive surgery.
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