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The STS case study: an analysis method for longitudinal qualitative research for implementation science.

Jennifer M Van Tiem1,2, Heather Schacht Reisinger3,4,5,6, Julia E Friberg3,4

  • 1VA Office of Rural Health (ORH), Veterans Rural Health Resource Center-Iowa City, Iowa City VA Healthcare System, Iowa City, IA, USA. jennifer.vantiem@va.gov.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study used a Science and Technology Studies (STS) case-study method to evaluate tele-critical care (Tele-CC) implementation. Findings show material culture, like surveillance technology, significantly impacts staff acceptance and reveals implementation barriers.

Keywords:
Critical careEthnographyImplementationLongitudinal qualitative researchScience and technology studiesTelemedicine

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Area of Science:

  • Implementation Science
  • Sociology of Science and Technology
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Ethnographic approaches provide valuable methods for understanding implementation processes.
  • This study applies a Science and Technology Studies (STS) case-study method to analyze implementation dynamics.
  • Material culture plays a crucial role in the success of innovations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical implementation of tele-critical care (Tele-CC) services using an ethnographic process evaluation.
  • To understand the impact of longitudinal interplay between implementation stakeholders.
  • To explore how material culture influences the acceptance of technological innovations.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted an ethnographic process evaluation of Tele-CC implementation in the Department of Veterans Affairs.
  • Collected fieldnotes and conducted participant observation (101 hours) at education and planning events.
  • Led semi-structured interviews with ICU and Tele-CC staff at Go-Live and 6 months post-implementation (total 109 interviews with 132 participants).

Main Results:

  • The STS case-study highlighted the need to consider how clinicians are perceived in different spaces.
  • Analysis of staff narratives revealed how materials like cameras and buttons influenced perceptions of surveillance and acceptance.
  • Mapping material culture provided insights into staff acceptance of Tele-CC.

Conclusions:

  • STS case-studies contribute to longitudinal qualitative research in implementation science.
  • The heterogeneity of STS case-studies encourages exploration of differences and iterative data collection.
  • Systematically examining material culture can identify implementation barriers and guide solutions for innovations.