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Vitamin D: Vitamin or Hormone?

Deborah L Ellison1, Heather R Moran1

  • 1Austin Peay State University, School of Nursing, 601 College Street, Clarksville, TN 37044, USA.

The Nursing Clinics of North America
|February 7, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Vitamin D, a crucial nutrient obtained from sunlight, diet, or supplements, acts as a multifunctional hormone. It significantly impacts the immune, cardiovascular, and endocrine systems, and may play a role in depression, pain, and cancer.

Keywords:
Pathophysiology of vitamin DUses of vitamin DVitamin DVitamin D and painVitamin D as a hormone

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Nutrition
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Vitamin D is synthesized in the skin via ultraviolet B radiation exposure.
  • It can also be obtained through diet and supplementation.
  • Emerging evidence suggests vitamin D functions as a multifunctional hormone or prohormone.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the diverse roles of vitamin D beyond its traditional functions.
  • To highlight the impact of vitamin D on various physiological systems and health conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on vitamin D.
  • Analysis of research on calcitriol's effects.
  • Examination of evidence linking vitamin D to specific health outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Calcitriol, an active form of vitamin D, enhances immune, cardiovascular, and endocrine system functions.
  • Vitamin D influences numerous metabolic pathways.
  • Evidence suggests a role for vitamin D in managing depression, pain, and cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Vitamin D is a vital hormone with broad-ranging physiological effects.
  • Further research into vitamin D's therapeutic potential is warranted.
  • Maintaining adequate vitamin D levels is important for overall health.