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Circulating tumour DNA in B-cell lymphomas: current state and future prospects
Rahul Lakhotia1, Mark Roschewski1
1Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
British Journal of Haematology
|February 7, 2021
Summary
Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) shows promise for detecting lymphoid malignancies. Serial ctDNA monitoring tracks treatment response, identifies minimal residual disease, and detects early relapse in B-cell lymphomas.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Diagnostics
- Genomics
Background:
- Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) is a valuable biomarker for detecting tumour-specific sequences in lymphoid malignancies.
- ctDNA analysis offers a comprehensive molecular profile, overcoming limitations of tissue biopsies, especially for inaccessible tumours.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the utility of ctDNA as a biomarker in lymphoid malignancies.
- To highlight ctDNA's role in monitoring treatment effectiveness and detecting minimal residual disease.
Main Methods:
- Minimally invasive ctDNA assays.
- Serial blood sampling for ctDNA analysis.
- Correlation of ctDNA dynamics with treatment outcomes and relapse in B-cell lymphomas.
Main Results:
- Early reductions in ctDNA levels during treatment correlate with improved clinical outcomes in B-cell lymphomas.
- ctDNA effectively distinguishes complete molecular remission from residual disease post-therapy.
- Serial ctDNA monitoring detects early molecular relapse and identifies drug-resistant clones.
Conclusions:
- Standardization of pre-analytical and analytical techniques for ctDNA in B-cell lymphomas is essential.
- Prospective validation in clinical studies is required to establish ctDNA's role as a decision-making tool.
