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Advances on Monosaccharides and Oligosaccharides: Structural Modifications and Bioactivities
Shaochen Li1, Min Lv1, Shaoyong Zhang2
1College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China.
Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry
|February 8, 2021
Summary
Monosaccharides and oligosaccharides, simple and complex carbohydrates, and their derivatives exhibit diverse biological activities. This review explores their structures, activities, and mechanisms, aiding in understanding their therapeutic potential.
Area of Science:
- Carbohydrate Chemistry
- Biochemistry
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Monosaccharides (e.g., glucose) and oligosaccharides (2-10 monosaccharides) are fundamental carbohydrate units.
- These molecules and their derivatives are crucial in numerous biological processes.
- They possess a wide range of significant biological properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review structural modifications of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and their derivatives.
- To survey their diverse biological activities, including anticancer, antiviral, insecticidal, antimicrobial, and antioxidant effects.
- To elucidate their mechanisms of action and structure-activity relationships.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of scientific publications.
- Analysis of structural modifications and chemical derivatization.
- Compilation and synthesis of data on biological activities and mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and their derivatives demonstrate broad-spectrum biological activities.
- Specific structural features correlate with distinct biological functions.
- Mechanisms of action vary depending on the molecular structure and target.
Conclusions:
- Carbohydrate derivatives offer promising therapeutic leads for various diseases.
- Understanding structure-activity relationships is key to designing novel carbohydrate-based drugs.
- Further research into these compounds can unlock new applications in medicine and agriculture.
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