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Attention, Not Performance, Correlates With Afterdischarge Termination During Cortical Stimulation.

Ronald P Lesser1,2, W R S Webber1, Diana L Miglioretti3,4

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Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive effort can stop brain afterdischarges, with widespread brain changes observed even before tasks begin. This suggests brain activity influencing tasks is not confined to specific regions or times.

Keywords:
afterdischargesattentionbrain mappingcognitioncortical stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Neurophysiology

Background:

  • Cortical stimulation is a century-old brain mapping technique.
  • A common assumption is that stimulation effects are localized.
  • Afterdischarges from stimulation can cause seizures and interfere with functional localization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if afterdischarge termination can precede cognitive task performance.
  • To explore the spatiotemporal dynamics of brain activity during cognitive task-induced afterdischarge termination.
  • To challenge the assumption of localized effects in cortical stimulation and brain mapping.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized electrocorticography (ECoG) to monitor brain activity.
  • Applied cortical stimulation and induced afterdischarges.
  • Assessed the timing of afterdischarge termination relative to cognitive task execution.
  • Analyzed widespread cortical changes during afterdischarge termination.

Main Results:

  • Afterdischarge termination was observed to occur before overt cognitive task performance.
  • Electrocorticography revealed widespread cortical changes, not limited to stimulation or task-relevant sites.
  • Thresholds for afterdischarges and functional responses varied across stimulation trials.
  • Task-related brain changes were found to be diffuse in location and extended in time.

Conclusions:

  • Task-related brain activity influencing performance is not restricted to specific functional regions or networks.
  • Brain activity affecting task execution can be diffuse and extended in time, challenging localized models.
  • Fluctuations in attention, engagement, or motivation may contribute to these widespread brain effects.
  • Understanding diffuse and temporally extended brain activity is crucial for accurate brain mapping and interpreting clinical behaviors.