Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 18, 2025
07:27
How to Administer Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Critically ill Neonates, Infants, and Children
Published on: August 19, 2020
12.0K
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Extremely Preterm Infants
Leeann R Pavlek1, Clifford Mueller1, Maria R Jebbia1
1Division of Neonatology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States.
Frontiers in Pediatrics
|February 8, 2021
Summary
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) offers a non-invasive method to monitor oxygenation in extremely preterm infants. This technique aids in assessing tissue oxygen consumption for better hemodynamic management in neonatal intensive care units.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Biomedical Engineering
- Physiology
Background:
- Advances in neonatal care improve survival rates for premature infants at the limits of viability.
- Infants born at 22-24 weeks gestation face high risks of prematurity-related morbidities, often linked to impaired tissue oxygenation and perfusion.
- Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) leverages the distinct absorption of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of NIRS technology and its application in extremely preterm infants.
- To summarize NIRS physiology, practical uses, and potential applications in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
- To review NIRS application sites, disease-specific indications, and existing literature for extremely preterm infants.
Main Methods:
- Utilizes the principles of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).
- Assesses regional tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) by measuring light absorption by hemoglobin.
- Calculates fractional tissue oxygen extraction (FTOE) to evaluate tissue oxygen consumption.
Main Results:
- NIRS provides a non-invasive method for monitoring tissue oxygenation and perfusion in neonates.
- Enables targeted hemodynamic management by assessing tissue oxygen consumption.
- Offers insights into disease-specific indications and application sites for NIRS in extremely preterm infants.
Conclusions:
- NIRS is a valuable tool for non-invasive monitoring in extremely preterm infants.
- It facilitates targeted hemodynamic management and assessment of tissue oxygenation.
- Further research and application in NICUs can improve outcomes for vulnerable premature infants.
Related Concept Videos
01:09Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview
4.1K
When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
4.1K
01:03IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region
1.5K
IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the...
1.5K
01:11Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview
1.7K
The non-destructive nature and ability to provide valuable chemical information make IR spectroscopy a versatile technique with broad applications in various scientific and industrial fields. IR spectroscopy is commonly used to identify and characterize organic and inorganic compounds. It provides information about the functional groups present in a molecule and the bonding between atoms. This helps in the structural elucidation of compounds during organic synthesis, pharmaceutical research,...
1.7K
01:25IR Spectrometers
1.7K
There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
1.7K
01:15Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)
752
Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT) is an advanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique specifically designed to detect and enhance the signals of low-abundance nuclei, such as carbon-13 and nitrogen-15, in small molecules. The fundamental principle behind INEPT is the transfer of polarization from a more abundant and highly polarizable nucleus, typically hydrogen-1, to the low-abundance nucleus of interest. This process effectively boosts the NMR signal of the...
752
01:24IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview
3.8K
When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
Stretching vibrations are vibrational motions that occur along the bond line, changing the bond length or distance between two bonded atoms. They are further distinguished as symmetric or asymmetric. In symmetric stretching, the...
Stretching vibrations are vibrational motions that occur along the bond line, changing the bond length or distance between two bonded atoms. They are further distinguished as symmetric or asymmetric. In symmetric stretching, the...
3.8K