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Neuroimaging Detectable Differences between Parkinson's Disease Motor Subtypes: A Systematic Review.

Jackson Tyler Boonstra1, Stijn Michielse1, Yasin Temel1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS) Maastricht University Medical Center Maastricht The Netherlands.

Movement Disorders Clinical Practice
|February 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neuroimaging reveals distinct brain circuitry differences in Parkinson's disease (PD) subtypes. Non-tremor-dominant PD shows striato-thalamo-cortical deficits, while tremor-dominant PD exhibits cerebello-thalamo-cortical dysfunction.

Keywords:
Parkinson's disease (PD)motor subtypesneuroanatomyneuroimagingtremor‐dominant (TD)

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging and Neurology
  • Neuroscience Research
  • Medical Imaging Applications

Background:

  • Parkinson's disease (PD) subtypes, including tremor-dominant (TD) and non-tremor-dominant (nTD), lack fully differentiated neuroanatomical substrates.
  • Understanding symptom-specific pathoanatomical markers is crucial for earlier diagnosis and personalized treatment of PD.
  • This review synthesizes neuroimaging literature comparing PD motor subtypes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of neuroimaging studies comparing Parkinson's disease motor subtypes.
  • To elucidate the neuroanatomical differences between TD-PD and nTD-PD.
  • To identify key neuroimaging findings related to PD motor subtypes.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature review adhering to PRISMA guidelines was performed.
  • PubMed database was searched using terms: "Parkinson's disease", "MRI", and "motor subtypes" (TD, nTD, PIGD, AR).
  • Findings were analyzed from macro to micro levels (structural, functional, molecular) and by imaging methodology.

Main Results:

  • Neuroimaging methods like diffusion imaging and PET show potential in distinguishing PD motor subtypes, though findings are sometimes mixed.
  • Non-tremor-dominant PD patients exhibit more severe neuroalterations compared to tremor-dominant PD patients.
  • nTD-PD is associated with striato-thalamo-cortical (STC) circuitry deficits, while TD-PD is linked to cerebello-thalamo-cortical (CTC) circuitry dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Deficits in STC and CTC circuitry appear to be central to Parkinson's disease and its subtypes.
  • Future research should emphasize multimodal neuroimaging.
  • Higher sensitivity techniques are needed to better delineate subcortical structures in motor diseases like PD.