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Perinatal granulopoiesis and risk of pediatric asthma

Benjamin A Turturice1,2, Juliana Theorell2, Mary Dawn Koenig3

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois, Chicago, United States.

Elife
|February 10, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Neutrophil granule abundance at birth, indicated by PGLYRP-1 levels, predicts pediatric asthma risk. This finding offers insights into early life factors influencing childhood respiratory health and adolescent lung function.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Perinatal factors like gestational age are linked to pediatric asthma risk.
  • Understanding biological pathways affected by these factors can improve risk stratification and identify therapeutic targets.
  • Transcriptional changes may mediate asthma risk influenced by perinatal factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if transcriptional changes associated with epidemiologic risk factors mediate pediatric asthma risk.
  • To identify specific biological processes and gene signatures linked to perinatal asthma risk factors.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of publicly available transcriptomic data from cord blood mononuclear cells.
  • Validation of gene signatures in an independent prospective cohort.
  • Measurement of umbilical cord blood serum PGLYRP-1 concentration.

Main Results:

  • Transcription of myeloid differentiation genes inversely correlated with a pediatric asthma risk score.
  • This gene signature localized to neutrophil-specific granules.
  • Higher cord blood PGLYRP-1 levels were associated with lower risk of mid-childhood asthma and better adolescent lung function (FEV1/FVC).

Conclusions:

  • Neutrophil-specific granule abundance at birth is a predictor of pediatric asthma risk.
  • Umbilical cord blood neutrophil markers can predict adolescent pulmonary function.
  • These findings highlight the role of early-life neutrophil biology in respiratory health outcomes.

Keywords:
allergyasthmafetal bloodgranulocyteshumanimmunologyinflammationmedicinepeptidoglycan recognition proteinrisk factor

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