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Limbal stem cell diseases.

Clémence Bonnet1, JoAnn S Roberts2, Sophie X Deng2

  • 1Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Cornea Department, Paris University, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, F-75014, Paris, France.

Experimental Eye Research
|February 11, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Limbal stem/progenitor cells (LSCs) maintain corneal health, but dysfunction (LSCD) can cause vision loss. Standardized diagnosis and stepwise treatment are key for managing LSCD effectively.

Keywords:
Anterior segment optical coherence tomographyIn vivo confocal microscopyLimbal stem cellLimbal stem cell deficiencyLimbusTreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Corneal Research

Background:

  • Limbal stem/progenitor cells (LSCs) are vital for corneal epithelial homeostasis.
  • External insults and intrinsic defects can lead to limbal stem cell dysfunction or deficiency (LSCD).
  • Ocular comorbidities can worsen LSCD and impact LSC transplantation success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical presentation and disease evolution of LSCD.
  • To highlight advancements in diagnostic criteria and staging of LSCD.
  • To outline a stepwise approach for managing LSCD, including medical and surgical interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on LSCD.
  • Discussion of new ocular imaging modalities and molecular markers for diagnosis.
  • Analysis of treatment strategies based on disease severity and laterality.

Main Results:

  • Clinical presentation and disease progression in LSCD vary by etiology.
  • Standardized diagnostic criteria and staging are emerging.
  • Medical therapies can be effective if residual LSCs are present.
  • Surgical options are tailored to disease severity and laterality.

Conclusions:

  • A stepwise approach optimizing the ocular surface and treating comorbidities is crucial before surgery.
  • Standardized diagnostic criteria are necessary for evaluating emerging customized therapies.
  • Effective management of LSCD requires a comprehensive and individualized strategy.