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Gender differences in progressive supranuclear palsy.

Rohan R Mahale1, Syam Krishnan2, K P Divya2

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Gender significantly impacts progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Males present later with tremors and faster wheelchair progression, while females experience earlier falls, apathy, and faster speech/swallowing decline.

Keywords:
GenderPrognosisProgressive supranuclear palsy

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Clinical Neuroscience

Background:

  • Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a rare neurodegenerative disease.
  • Limited research exists on gender-specific differences in PSP.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for tailored patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gender disparities in the clinical presentation of PSP.
  • To analyze gender-specific differences in disease progression among PSP patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of medical records from 334 clinically diagnosed PSP patients over 21 years.
  • Assessment of disease progression based on time to reach key disability milestones.
  • Comparison of demographic, clinical, and progression data between male and female patients.

Main Results:

  • A male predominance (1.6:1 ratio) was observed in the PSP cohort.
  • Males presented with older age at onset and more frequent tremors, with earlier wheelchair dependency.
  • Females showed earlier onset of falls, apathy, and executive dysfunction, with faster progression to unintelligible speech, dysphagia, and cognitive impairment.

Conclusions:

  • Significant gender differences exist in the phenotypic expression and disease trajectory of PSP.
  • These findings highlight the need for gender-informed approaches in PSP diagnosis and management.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms of these observed gender-based variations.