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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 16, 2025

Immunofluorescence Staining Using IBA1 and TMEM119 for Microglial Density, Morphology and Peripheral Myeloid Cell Infiltration Analysis in Mouse Brain

Immunofluorescence Staining Using IBA1 and TMEM119 for Microglial Density, Morphology and Peripheral Myeloid Cell Infiltration Analysis in Mouse Brain

Published on: October 27, 2019

White matter aging drives microglial diversity.

Shima Safaiyan¹, Simon Besson-Girard², Tuğberk Kaya³

¹Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany.

|February 19, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Aging brains show unique white matter-associated microglia (WAMs) that clear myelin debris. These WAMs are dependent on TREM2 signaling and may protect against age-related white matter damage.

Keywords:

ApoE Trem2 microglia, aging myelin white matter

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Obtaining Human Microglia from Adult Human Brain Tissue

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Published on: August 30, 2020

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Last Updated: Nov 16, 2025

Immunofluorescence Staining Using IBA1 and TMEM119 for Microglial Density, Morphology and Peripheral Myeloid Cell Infiltration Analysis in Mouse Brain

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Obtaining Human Microglia from Adult Human Brain Tissue

Obtaining Human Microglia from Adult Human Brain Tissue

Published on: August 30, 2020

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Immunology
Cell Biology

Background:

Aging leads to gray and white matter degeneration.
Specific microglial responses in aging white matter are not well understood.
Microglia play crucial roles in brain health and disease.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify and characterize microglial responses in aging white matter.
To investigate the molecular mechanisms and dependencies of these microglia.
To understand the potential role of these cells in white matter aging.

Main Methods:

Single-cell RNA sequencing of aged human brain white and gray matter.
Analysis of gene expression patterns to identify distinct cell populations.
Investigation of signaling pathways, including TREM2 and APOE.

Main Results:

Identified white matter-associated microglia (WAMs) in aged white matter.
WAMs share gene signatures with disease-associated microglia (DAMs) and are involved in phagocytosis and lipid metabolism.
WAMs are aging-dependent and rely on TREM2 signaling but form independently of APOE in aging.
WAMs are found in microglial nodules actively clearing degenerated myelin.

Conclusions:

WAMs represent a distinct microglial subset in aging white matter.
These cells are involved in myelin clearance, suggesting a protective role in aging.
Understanding WAMs may offer insights into age-related white matter disorders.