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Nutrient supplement use by healthy elderly.

S C Hartz1, C L Otradovec, R B McGandy

  • 1United States Department of Agriculture, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111.

Journal of the American College of Nutrition
|April 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Dietary supplement use in older adults significantly reduced nutrient deficiencies, especially for vitamins B6, B12, D, folic acid, and calcium. However, excessive intake of thiamin, vitamins A and E was also noted.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Nutritional status is crucial for older adults' health.
  • Supplement use is common in this demographic.
  • Understanding the impact of supplements on nutrient intake is important.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence of dietary supplement use in non-institutionalized older adults.
  • To evaluate the effect of supplement use on nutrient intake adequacy and potential excess.

Main Methods:

  • A nutritional status survey of 691 men and women aged 60+.
  • Supplement use data collected via self-report.
  • Dietary nutrient intakes calculated from a 3-day food diary.
  • Nutrient intake assessed against 1980 Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) criteria.

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Main Results:

  • 45% of males and 55% of females reported supplement use, with higher prevalence in females.
  • Vitamins C and E were the most frequently used supplements.
  • Supplement use significantly decreased inadequate nutrient intake for vitamins B6, B12, D, folic acid, and calcium.
  • Excessive intake (≥10 times RDA) of thiamin, vitamin A, and vitamin E was observed in some users.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary supplements can improve nutrient adequacy in older adults.
  • Careful monitoring is needed to prevent excessive nutrient intake from supplements.
  • Public health recommendations should address both deficiency and excess related to supplement use in the elderly.