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Oxygen Therapy in Sleep-Disordered Breathing.

Salam Zeineddine1, James A Rowley2, Susmita Chowdhuri1

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Chest
|February 21, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Nocturnal supplemental oxygen (NSO) improves oxygen saturation in sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) but is less effective than positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy. More research is needed to clarify NSO

Keywords:
OSAcentral sleep apneaheart failureoverlap syndromesupplemental oxygen

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is common in adults, causing cardiovascular and neurologic issues.
  • Intermittent hypoxia during sleep is a key feature of SDB.
  • Nocturnal supplemental oxygen (NSO) is a potential treatment for SDB, often compared to positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current evidence on NSO in SDB.
  • To identify knowledge gaps regarding NSO's efficacy and optimal use.
  • To suggest future research priorities for NSO in SDB.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on NSO in SDB.
  • Analysis of NSO's effects on oxygen saturation, apnea severity, daytime sleepiness, quality of life, and blood pressure.
  • Examination of NSO's role in specific SDB phenotypes like OSA, overlap syndrome, and central sleep apnea.

Main Results:

  • NSO improves oxygen saturation in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) but is less effective than PAP in reducing apnea severity.
  • The impact of NSO on daytime sleepiness and blood pressure is unclear.
  • NSO is effective for central sleep apnea associated with heart failure, but its effects on mortality and cardiovascular outcomes require further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Current studies on NSO for OSA and overlap syndrome are limited or inconclusive.
  • NSO effectively mitigates central sleep apnea.
  • Further research is essential to determine optimal NSO dosing and its combined effects with PAP on cardiovascular, sleep, and cognitive outcomes.