Trimodality PET/CT/MRI and Radiotherapy: A Mini-Review

Area of Science:

• Medical Imaging
• Radiotherapy Planning
• Oncology

Background:

• Computed tomography (CT) is standard in radiotherapy but has limitations in tumor characterization and delineation.
• Integrating functional (PET) and anatomical (MRI) imaging overcomes CT's limitations.
• Trimodality imaging (PET/CT/MRI) combines the strengths of these techniques for improved radiotherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe the process of performing PET/CT/MRI trimodality imaging for radiotherapy.
• To explore the potential clinical applications of PET/CT/MRI in cancer treatment.
• To highlight the advantages of combined PET/CT/MRI over individual imaging modalities.

Main Methods:

• Trimodality imaging can be performed by fusing PET/MRI with planning CT or by registering PET/CT with MRI and then to planning CT.
• Examinations must be conducted in the treatment position.
• Specialized equipment, including MRI-compatible devices and high-performance coils, is required.

Main Results:

• PET/CT/MRI offers a synergistic effect by combining the advantages of all three imaging modalities.
• This approach limits the disadvantages associated with using each modality separately.
• The technique is feasible in clinical routine and shows potential for high clinical impact.

Conclusions:

• PET/CT/MRI trimodality imaging significantly improves tumor visualization and characterization for radiotherapy planning.
• This integrated approach demonstrates good inter-observer agreement, particularly for head and neck, brain, prostate, and cervical cancers.
• The combined imaging technique holds substantial promise for advancing cancer treatment outcomes.