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Antenatal Steroid Utilization in Ethiopia.

Gesit Metaferia1, Mahlet Abayneh1, Sara Aynalem1

  • 1St Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Global Pediatric Health
|February 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Antenatal corticosteroid use, specifically dexamethasone, was evaluated in Ethiopian preterm infants. While comparable to other regions, its use was linked to a higher risk of early-onset neonatal sepsis.

Keywords:
dexamethasoneneonatal morbidityneonatal mortalitypreterm birth

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Antenatal corticosteroids are crucial for reducing preterm neonatal mortality.
  • This study investigated antenatal steroid utilization and its impact on preterm infants in Ethiopia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the utilization of antenatal dexamethasone among pregnant mothers.
  • To determine the effect of antenatal dexamethasone on preterm babies, specifically focusing on early-onset neonatal sepsis.

Main Methods:

  • A two-year prospective, multicenter, observational study.
  • Involved 1575 preterm infants (gestational age < 35 weeks) across selected Ethiopian hospitals.
  • Statistical analysis included chi-square and binary logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • Antenatal dexamethasone use was reported in 37.5% of participants.
  • A significantly higher risk of early-onset neonatal sepsis (40.4%) was observed in preterm infants whose mothers received antenatal dexamethasone (P=0.002).

Conclusions:

  • Antenatal dexamethasone utilization in this Ethiopian cohort is comparable to rates in low and middle-income countries.
  • Infants born to mothers who received antenatal dexamethasone exhibited an increased risk of early-onset neonatal sepsis.