Treatment of complications of cyclophosphamide cystitis

Since 1976, 23 patients with cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis were treated. These patients presented with a variety of urinary problems, including incontinence, hematuria and vesicoureteral reflux. Vesicoureteral reflux was found in 9 patients, hydronephrosis in 4 and a contracted fibrotic bladder in 3. Of the 23 patients 18 had undergone a combination of radiation and cyclophosphamide therapy. Based on this experience a general outline is developed for evaluation and treatment of patients with cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis and its potentially severe complications.