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Developmental phonology: 18-29 months.

D A Preisser1, B W Hodson, E P Paden

  • 1Grant Wood Area Education Agency, Cedar Rapids, IA.

The Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders
|May 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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This study analyzed phonological processes in 60 toddlers near age two. Findings reveal common processes like cluster reduction and liquid deviations, with significant age-related decreases in syllable reduction and omissions.

Area of Science:

  • Child language acquisition
  • Speech-language pathology
  • Developmental linguistics

Background:

  • Phonological processes are common in early speech development.
  • Understanding typical phonological development is crucial for identifying speech sound disorders.
  • Limited data exists on the specific prevalence and age-related changes of phonological processes in toddlers around two years old.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the phonological processes in normally developing children aged 1.5 to 2.5 years.
  • To identify the most prevalent phonological processes in this age range.
  • To examine age-related changes in phonological process occurrence.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of spontaneous speech utterances from 60 typically developing children.

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  • Children were divided into three age groups: 1:6-1:9, 1:10-2:1, and 2:2-2:5.
  • Calculation of phonological process percentage-of-occurrence means for each group.

    • Main Results:

    • Cluster reduction and liquid deviations (e.g., gliding) were the most frequent phonological processes across all groups.
    • The middle age group (1:10-2:1) showed considerably lower phonological process means than the youngest group.
    • Syllable reduction and postvocalic singleton omission showed the most significant age-related decreases.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides normative data on phonological processes in toddlers.
    • Findings can aid in distinguishing typical development from phonological disorders in preschoolers.
    • Data can inform remediation priorities for speech sound disorders.