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Executive dysfunctions mediate between altered sensory processing and daily activity performance in older adults
Batya Engel-Yeger1, Sara Rosenblum2
1Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Aba Hushi, 199, Mount Carmel, 3498838, Haifa, Israel. bengel@univ.haifa.ac.il.
BMC Geriatrics
|February 23, 2021
Summary
Altered sensory processing is common in older adults and impacts daily activities. Executive functions (EFs) mediate these effects, highlighting the need for integrated interventions for seniors.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Neuroscience
- Occupational Therapy
Background:
- Sensory processing and executive functions (EFs) are crucial for daily activities.
- Aging can negatively impact both sensory processing and EFs, affecting daily performance.
- Existing research often examines sensory processing and EFs in isolation, not reflecting real-world functional limitations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of altered sensory processing in community-dwelling older adults.
- To investigate the mediating role of EFs between altered sensory processing and daily activity performance in the elderly.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of 167 healthy older adults (65+).
- Utilized questionnaires including the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile, Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Version, and Daily Living Questionnaire.
- Included assessments for cognitive status and depression symptoms.
Main Results:
- Altered sensory processing, particularly reduced sensory input registration and modulation, is prevalent in older adults.
- Executive dysfunctions were found to mediate the impact of altered sensory processing on daily activity performance.
Conclusions:
- Executive dysfunctions can exacerbate the negative effects of sensory processing changes on daily functioning in older adults.
- Intervention and prevention programs for older adults should consider the interplay between EFs and sensory processing in real-life contexts.
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