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Hybrid FES orthosis incorporating closed loop control and sensory feedback
B J Andrews1, R H Baxendale, R Barnett
1Bioengineering Unit, University of Strathclyde, UK.
Journal of Biomedical Engineering
|April 1, 1988
Summary
This study introduces a hybrid functional electrical stimulation (FES) orthosis for spinal cord injury patients. The device enhances stability for standing and walking by using a brace and muscle stimulation, reducing fatigue.
Area of Science:
- Rehabilitation Engineering
- Biomedical Devices
- Neuroprosthetics
Background:
- Spinal cord injury (SCI) often results in impaired mobility and muscle control.
- Existing orthotic devices may not fully address stability and fatigue during upright activities.
- Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) offers potential for restoring muscle function but requires sophisticated control.
Observation:
- A novel hybrid orthosis integrates a rigid ankle-foot brace with a multi-channel FES system.
- The system incorporates surface electrodes, body-mounted sensors, and a rule-based controller.
- An electro-cutaneous display provides supplementary sensory feedback to the user.
Findings:
- The mechanical brace ensures stability for standing postures, mitigating muscle fatigue.
- The controller automatically responds to destabilizing shifts in the ground reaction vector (GRV) via muscle stimulation.
- The FES system includes a control mode for initiating and terminating leg flexion during forward progression.
Implications:
- This hybrid FES orthosis has the potential to improve mobility and independence for individuals with SCI.
- The design addresses key challenges of stability and muscle fatigue in FES-assisted ambulation.
- Preliminary results suggest feasibility and effectiveness in laboratory settings for SCI subjects.