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Exclusive Breastfeeding, Child Mortality, and Economic Cost in Sub-Saharan Africa

Cianté E Pretorius1, Hannah Asare2, Herculina S Kruger2

  • 1Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; and ciantepretorius01@gmail.com.

Pediatrics
|February 24, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Increasing exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in sub-Saharan Africa can significantly reduce under-5 mortality (U5M) and its economic burden. Investing in EBF practices offers substantial savings, improving child survival and national economies.

Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Health Economics

Background:

  • Sub-Saharan Africa faces the highest global under-5 mortality (U5M) rates.
  • Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is linked to reduced child mortality.
  • Knowledge gaps exist regarding the economic impact of EBF on U5M in sub-Saharan Africa.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the economic impact of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) practices in relation to under-5 mortality (U5M) in sub-Saharan African countries.
  • To quantify the economic losses associated with U5M and the potential savings from improved EBF rates.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized World Bank data from 2000-2018.
  • Employed a meta-analytical approach to estimate EBF prevalence and economic costs.
  • Calculated total cumulative non-health gross domestic product loss (TCNHGDPL) attributable to U5M.

Main Results:

  • EBF prevalence increased by 1%, leading to a 3.4/1000 annual reduction in U5M (2000-2018).
  • A 10% increase in EBF could yield a U5M reduction of 5.6/1000 children.
  • Sub-Saharan Africa's TCNHGDPL was over $29 billion in 2018, projected to reach ~$42 billion by 2030.

Conclusions:

  • Improving EBF by 10% could save approximately $1 billion by 2030.
  • Prioritizing and investing in EBF implementation is crucial for sub-Saharan Africa.
  • Enhanced EBF practices offer significant economic benefits alongside reduced child mortality.
Abstract

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