SOM-LWL method for identification of COVID-19 on chest X-rays

Ahmed Hamza Osman1, Hani Moetque Aljahdali1, Sultan Menwer Altarrazi2

  • 1Department of Information System, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia.

Plos One
|February 24, 2021
PubMed

Insights

This study introduces a novel AI technique using chest X-rays for rapid COVID-19 detection. The LWL-SOM model accurately distinguishes COVID-19 from other conditions, improving early diagnosis and control efforts.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Infectious Disease Diagnostics

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic necessitates rapid and accurate diagnostic tools.
  • Early detection of COVID-19 is crucial for limiting global dissemination.
  • Chest X-rays are vital for COVID-19 assessment, with machine learning showing promise for automated analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a new AI-based technique for detecting COVID-19 using chest X-rays.
  • To improve the accuracy of differentiating COVID-19 cases from non-COVID-19 conditions, including pneumonia.
  • To enhance early automated detection capabilities for better pandemic control.

Main Methods:

  • A novel COVID-19 identification technique combining Locality-Weighted Learning (LWL) and Self-Organizing Map (SOM) was proposed.
  • Chest X-ray images were clustered using SOM to group similar features, aiding discrimination between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 cases.
  • An intelligent learning model based on the LWL algorithm was developed for COVID-19 diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • The proposed SOM-LWL model demonstrated improved performance in discriminating between COVID-19, pneumonia, and no-finding cases.
  • Correlation coefficients for key comparisons showed significant enhancements, e.g., COVID-19 vs. no-finding cases improved from 0.8894 to 1.
  • The LWL-SOM approach outperformed existing machine learning solutions in AI evaluation measures for COVID-19 detection.

Conclusions:

  • The LWL-SOM technique offers a robust and accurate method for automated COVID-19 detection from chest X-rays.
  • This AI-driven approach shows potential for early and reliable identification of COVID-19 patients.
  • The findings suggest that LWL-SOM can be a valuable tool in managing and controlling the spread of infectious diseases like COVID-19.