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[What do we Know About the Link Between Urbanisation and Mental Illness? - A Systematic Review]
Daniel Richter1,2, Margrit Löbner2, Steffi G Riedel-Heller2
1Institut für Qualitätssicherung und Transparenz im Gesundheitswesen (IQTIG), Berlin.
Objective:
The proportion of peoples living in cities or urban areas will increase till 2050 enormously. The present paper investigated the effect of urbanization on mental health.
Methods:
We systematically searched electronic databases (Medline, Health Evidence and Google Scholar) for systematic reviews and single studies.
Results:
Analyzed findings showed mostly increased incidence or prevalence ratios for the occurence of schizophrenia, other psychotic disorders and depression. The relationship between urbanisation and mental health among immigrants (migration: country to city) is not clearly established. Sociodemographic and economic factors have a moderating effect. Urbanization is not conceptualised in a uniform way.
Conclusion:
Further research is needed with standardized and consistent approaches of urbanization as well as focusing current birth cohorts.
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