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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
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Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are anti-inflammatory drugs used primarily in treating persistent asthma and providing long-term maintenance. They target the bronchial mucosa, the lining of the airways, to control inflammation, a critical factor in asthma progression and exacerbation.
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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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A Non-invasive Way to Isolate and Phenotype Cells from the Conjunctiva
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Current Knowledge in Allergic Conjunctivitis.

Beatriz Vidal Villegas1, Jose Manuel Benitez-Del-Castillo1,2,3

  • 1Hospital Clinico San Carlos de Madrid Department of Ophthalmology, Madrid, Spain.

Turkish Journal of Ophthalmology
|February 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Allergic conjunctivitis, a growing eye condition, impacts quality of life and vision in all ages. This review covers its types, causes, and new treatments for allergic conjunctivitis.

Keywords:
Allergic conjunctivitisallergic keratoconjunctivitisatopic keratoconjunctivitiscontact blepharoconjunctivitisocular allergyvernal keratoconjunctivitis

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Allergy Immunology

Background:

  • Allergic conjunctivitis prevalence is increasing globally.
  • It affects both pediatric and adult populations.
  • The condition significantly impairs quality of life and can lead to irreversible vision loss.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical course and characteristics of various allergic conjunctivitis forms.
  • To discuss the differential diagnosis of allergic conjunctivitis.
  • To highlight recent advances in pathophysiology and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of allergic conjunctivitis.
  • Analysis of allergen-induced and non-allergen-induced forms.
  • Synthesis of current research on pathophysiology and treatment.

Main Results:

  • Allergic conjunctivitis encompasses diverse forms, including seasonal, perennial, giant papillary, and contact allergic blepharoconjunctivitis.
  • Other forms like vernal and atopic keratoconjunctivitis may not be solely allergen-induced.
  • Recent research offers new insights into disease mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the varied presentations of allergic conjunctivitis is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
  • Advances in pathophysiology are paving the way for more effective treatments.
  • Comprehensive management strategies are needed to address the growing burden of allergic eye disease.