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Transcriptomic Analysis of Rat Macrophages.

Clare Pridans1,2, Katharine M Irvine3, Gemma M Davis4

  • 1Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Immunology
|February 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed methods to create rat macrophages from embryonic stem cells (ESC) and bone marrow (BM). Rat macrophages share similarities with mouse macrophages but have unique gene expression profiles, including expressing colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1).

Keywords:
Kupffer cellcolony-stimulating factor 1 receptorlipopolysaccharidemacrophagerat

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Comparative Genomics

Background:

  • Laboratory rats are crucial models for human diseases involving monocytes and macrophages.
  • Established methods for mouse macrophage differentiation from ESC and BM exist, but are lacking for rats.
  • Rat macrophage gene expression profiles are less characterized than mouse counterparts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish methodology for producing rat ESC-derived macrophages.
  • To compare gene expression profiles of rat macrophages from various sources (ESC, BM, lung, peritoneal, blood).
  • To characterize Kupffer cells and rat BM-derived macrophage responses to LPS.

Main Methods:

  • Differentiation of rat macrophages from embryonic stem cells (ESC) and bone marrow (BM).
  • Gene expression profiling of various rat macrophage populations.
  • Analysis of Kupffer cells in CSF1R-deficient rats.
  • Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation of BM-derived macrophages.

Main Results:

  • Successful establishment of rat ESC-derived macrophage production methodology.
  • Comparison of gene expression profiles revealed conserved and divergent tissue-specific adaptations compared to mice.
  • Rat macrophages express CSF1, the ligand for CSF1R, which is not typically observed in mice.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a foundational methodology for generating rat macrophages in vitro.
  • Rat macrophages exhibit conserved and unique characteristics compared to mouse macrophages, impacting their utility as disease models.
  • The expression of CSF1 in rat macrophages suggests distinct regulatory mechanisms compared to mice.