Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy and implications for breast reconstruction

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• Health Services Research

Background:

• Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) rates have shown a consistent rise in the United States.
• This trend affects various stakeholders, including plastic and reconstructive surgeons.
• Several interconnected factors are believed to influence this increasing prevalence.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current landscape of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) in the United States.
• To summarize existing literature on the rising rates of CPM.
• To identify future research directions and knowledge dissemination strategies regarding CPM.

Main Methods:

• Literature review synthesizing current data on CPM trends.
• Analysis of factors contributing to the increasing rates of CPM.
• Identification of knowledge gaps and future research needs.

Main Results:

• CPM rates are increasing across the United States.
• Patient decision-making, cancer knowledge, genetic testing, advanced imaging, sociodemographics, and access to breast reconstruction are key influencing factors.
• There is a need for further research and improved patient-provider communication.

Conclusions:

• The rising trend in contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) necessitates a comprehensive understanding of its drivers.
• Further research is crucial to inform evidence-based patient care and decision-making.
• Effective dissemination of knowledge is vital for patients and providers navigating this complex surgical choice.