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Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Psychiatry
  • General Practice

Background:

  • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder.
  • ADHD affects approximately 10% of children and 5% of adults globally.
  • The condition is linked to significant impairments in daily functioning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a framework for recognizing ADHD across the lifespan.
  • To outline the varied presentations of ADHD at different life stages.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on ADHD recognition and presentation.
  • Focus on the role of general practitioners in diagnosis.
  • Emphasis on targeted history-taking to identify functional impairments.

Main Results:

  • General practitioners play a key role in identifying undiagnosed ADHD.
  • Coping strategies in intellectually able individuals and co-occurring psychiatric diagnoses can mask ADHD.
  • Timely and effective ADHD treatment significantly benefits individuals and reduces secondary mental health and social issues.

Conclusions:

  • Recognizing ADHD in primary care is essential.
  • A comprehensive approach to history-taking is necessary for accurate diagnosis.
  • Early intervention for ADHD leads to improved outcomes and reduced long-term complications.