Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis01:20

Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis

2.7K
Tachyphylaxis is described as a rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated or continuous administration of the same drug dose. It is a phenomenon where the body becomes less responsive to a particular substance or intervention over time, requiring higher doses or stronger interventions to achieve the same effect. It results from adaptive changes in the body's receptors, signaling pathways, or physiological processes that occur in response to prolonged exposure to a stimulus.
2.7K
The Placebo Effect01:54

The Placebo Effect

6.6K
The placebo effect occurs when people's expectations or beliefs influence or determine their experience in a given situation. In other words, simply expecting something to happen can actually make it happen.
6.6K
Blinding01:11

Blinding

3.7K
Blinding is a commonly used method of not telling participants which treatment a subject is receiving. Blinding is a critical part of a randomized control trial or RCT. It reduces the bias that affects the results. In an RCT, blinding is used in the form of a placebo. A placebo effect occurs when untreated subjects falsely believe they have received the treatment and report improved symptoms. A placebo or a dummy treatment is administered to subjects to negate the bias caused by such an effect.
3.7K
Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers01:24

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers

1.2K
Local anesthetics (LAs) block the sodium channels of nerve trunks, sensory nerve endings, and neuromuscular junctions. Although LAs can block all kinds of nerves, the sensitivity of nerve fibers differs according to nerve types and structures. LAs are known to block myelinated fibers faster than unmyelinated ones. Also, they block pain or sensory neurons at low concentrations without affecting the motor neurons involved in muscle contractions. This helps relieve labor pain without affecting the...
1.2K
Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

1.1K
Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
1.1K
Blind Procedures02:07

Blind Procedures

12.5K
Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which...
12.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The impact of side effect framing on COVID-19 booster vaccine intentions in an Australian sample.

Vaccine·2023
Same author

Motor Conflict: Revealing Involuntary Conditioned Motor Preparation Using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation.

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)·2019
Same author

Deceptive but not open label placebos attenuate motion-induced nausea.

Journal of psychosomatic research·2019
Same author

Latent Inhibition Reduces Nocebo Nausea, Even Without Deception.

Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine·2017
Same author

Contextual cuing as a form of nonconscious learning: Theoretical and empirical analysis in large and very large samples.

Psychonomic bulletin & review·2016
Same author

The effect of threat on cognitive biases and pain outcomes: An eye-tracking study.

European journal of pain (London, England)·2016
Same journal

The Role of the Thalamic Paraventricular Nucleus-Prelimbic Cortex Pathway in Diabetes-Associated Mechanical Allodynia and Thermal Hyperalgesia.

The journal of pain·2026
Same journal

Terminology and core components of co-design intervention in chronic pain management: An international Delphi study.

The journal of pain·2026
Same journal

Spontaneously hypertensive rats exhibit reduced facial pain sensitivity with altered electrophysiology and transcriptomics in the trigeminal ganglia.

The journal of pain·2026
Same journal

Defining chronic low back pain: Should we include the number of pain days?

The journal of pain·2026
Same journal

Psychometric Evaluation and Discriminative Validity of the Short-Form Brief Pain Inventory Across Nociceptive, Neuropathic, and Nociplastic Pain Mechanisms.

The journal of pain·2026
Same journal

Characterizing injury-related perceived threat trajectories after acute, isolated extremity injuries: A prospective cohort study.

The journal of pain·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 16, 2025

Disrupting Reconsolidation of Fear Memory in Humans by a Noradrenergic β-Blocker
08:32

Disrupting Reconsolidation of Fear Memory in Humans by a Noradrenergic β-Blocker

Published on: December 18, 2014

23.2K

Pre-Exposure, But Not Overshadowing, Inhibits Nocebo Hyperalgesia.

B Colagiuri1, J Park1, K Barnes1

  • 1School of Psychology, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.

The Journal of Pain
|February 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Preventing nocebo hyperalgesia is crucial. Pre-exposure to treatment cues without pain, but not overshadowing, effectively inhibited conditioned nocebo hyperalgesia in healthy volunteers.

Keywords:
Nocebo hyperalgesia: pre-exposureextinctionlatent inhibitionovershadowing

More Related Videos

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm
09:00

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm

Published on: October 3, 2020

4.2K
Optimizing Photoneuromodulation Techniques to Evaluate the Role of Green Light-Emitting Diodes in Pain Management
09:03

Optimizing Photoneuromodulation Techniques to Evaluate the Role of Green Light-Emitting Diodes in Pain Management

Published on: March 28, 2025

814

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 16, 2025

Disrupting Reconsolidation of Fear Memory in Humans by a Noradrenergic β-Blocker
08:32

Disrupting Reconsolidation of Fear Memory in Humans by a Noradrenergic β-Blocker

Published on: December 18, 2014

23.2K
Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm
09:00

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm

Published on: October 3, 2020

4.2K
Optimizing Photoneuromodulation Techniques to Evaluate the Role of Green Light-Emitting Diodes in Pain Management
09:03

Optimizing Photoneuromodulation Techniques to Evaluate the Role of Green Light-Emitting Diodes in Pain Management

Published on: March 28, 2025

814

Area of Science:

  • Pain research
  • Psychological science
  • Clinical intervention strategies

Background:

  • Nocebo hyperalgesia, an adverse effect from negative expectations, significantly increases pain burden.
  • Conditioning is a primary mechanism driving nocebo hyperalgesia, which proves resistant to extinction.
  • Developing preventive strategies for nocebo hyperalgesia is critical due to its persistence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of overshadowing and pre-exposure as novel strategies to inhibit conditioned nocebo hyperalgesia.
  • To determine if introducing competing cues (overshadowing) or prior neutral exposure (pre-exposure) can prevent the development of nocebo hyperalgesia.
  • To assess the potential of these strategies for clinical application in mitigating nocebo effects.

Main Methods:

  • Healthy volunteers (N=141) underwent conditioning by pairing sham treatment activation with high pain, followed by testing at equivalent intensities.
  • Experiment 1 employed overshadowing by introducing additional cues during conditioning to compete with the target nocebo cue.
  • Experiment 2 utilized pre-exposure by presenting the target cue without pain before conditioning to reduce its association with pain.

Main Results:

  • Standard nocebo conditioning successfully induced nocebo hyperalgesia in both experiments compared to controls.
  • Overshadowing (Experiment 1) did not significantly attenuate the induced nocebo hyperalgesia.
  • Pre-exposure (Experiment 2) significantly attenuated nocebo hyperalgesia, with a potential dose-dependent effect observed.

Conclusions:

  • Pre-exposure to treatment cues in a neutral context is an effective strategy for inhibiting conditioned nocebo hyperalgesia.
  • Overshadowing is not an effective method for preventing nocebo hyperalgesia.
  • Pre-exposure offers a promising, potentially low-cost preventive measure against nocebo hyperalgesia in clinical settings.