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Testing early warning and response systems through a full-scale exercise in Vietnam
Alexey Clara1, Anh T P Dao2, Quy Tran2
1Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
BMC Public Health
|February 27, 2021
Summary
Vietnam
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Health Security
Background:
- Simulation exercises validate International Health Regulations (IHR 2005) core capacities.
- Vietnam's Ministry of Health (MOH) conducted a full-scale exercise (FSX) in 2018.
- The exercise simulated Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) to test early warning and response systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate Vietnam's early warning and response capabilities for high-risk public health events.
- To assess the effectiveness of the MOH surveillance system during a simulated MERS-CoV outbreak.
- To identify areas for improvement in national health security preparedness.
Main Methods:
- A complex fictitious scenario of severe viral pneumonia was designed.
- A 3-day full-scale exercise was conducted in August 2018, involving multiple administrative levels.
- Immediate debriefings and after-action reviews were performed to gather participant feedback.
Main Results:
- The event-based surveillance system functioned optimally across administrative levels.
- Signal detection, reporting, triage, verification, and risk assessment were effective.
- Challenges identified included infection control, partner coordination, and process documentation.
Conclusions:
- Exercising surveillance capabilities in real-time scenarios is crucial for emergency preparedness.
- The FSX highlighted the value of preparedness, especially given the subsequent COVID-19 pandemic.
- Improvements made by the MOH post-exercise likely enhanced Vietnam's response to SARS-CoV-2.
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