Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Modulating Protein Function through Genetically Encoded Oxidative Chemistry.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Real-time volumetric imaging of cells and molecules in deep tissues with Takoyaki ultrasound.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Real-time visualization of collagen assembly uncovers metastable properties in hierarchical organization.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Effects of different mixing techniques on mRNA lipid nanoparticle physicochemistry and biological performance.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Using Cryogenic Electron Tomography (cryoET) to Determine Rubisco Polymerization Constants in α-Carboxysomes.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Statistical BURST imaging for high-fidelity biomolecular ultrasound.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

Macromolecular crowding inhibits degradation of alpha-synuclein amyloid fibrils induced by cathepsins and MMP9.

Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society·2026
Same journal

Sequence-encoded differences in the conformational ensembles of CITED transcriptional activation domains impact coactivator binding.

Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society·2026
Same journal

The phospholipid biosynthesis enzyme PlsB contains three distinct domains for membrane association, lysophosphatidic acid synthesis, and dimerization.

Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society·2026
Same journal

Structural basis of ligand selectivity in FAD/NAD(P)H-dependent dehydrogenases: insights from trypanothione reductase and type II NADH dehydrogenase.

Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society·2026
Same journal

Achieving protease substrate-specific inhibition by mAb dual functional selections.

Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society·2026
Same journal

How important are quantum mechanical effects in controlling biological functions: Enzymes, electron transfer and bird navigation.

Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 16, 2025

Obtention of Giant Unilamellar Hybrid Vesicles by Electroformation and Measurement of their Mechanical Properties by Micropipette Aspiration
09:29

Obtention of Giant Unilamellar Hybrid Vesicles by Electroformation and Measurement of their Mechanical Properties by Micropipette Aspiration

Published on: January 19, 2020

8.8K

Measuring gas vesicle dimensions by electron microscopy.

Przemysław Dutka1, Dina Malounda1, Lauren Ann Metskas2

  • 1Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA.

Protein Science : a Publication of the Protein Society
|February 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gas vesicles (GVs) are protein nanostructures used for flotation. This study explains why GV diameter measurements vary and provides accurate methods using electron microscopy for precise diameter determination.

Keywords:
critical collapse pressurecryo-electron microscopydiameterelectron microscopygas vesiclesnegative staining

More Related Videos

Freeze-Fracture Electron Microscopy for Extracellular Vesicle Analysis
11:30

Freeze-Fracture Electron Microscopy for Extracellular Vesicle Analysis

Published on: September 16, 2022

4.2K
Preparation of Giant Vesicles Encapsulating Microspheres by Centrifugation of a Water-in-oil Emulsion
05:43

Preparation of Giant Vesicles Encapsulating Microspheres by Centrifugation of a Water-in-oil Emulsion

Published on: January 24, 2017

14.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 16, 2025

Obtention of Giant Unilamellar Hybrid Vesicles by Electroformation and Measurement of their Mechanical Properties by Micropipette Aspiration
09:29

Obtention of Giant Unilamellar Hybrid Vesicles by Electroformation and Measurement of their Mechanical Properties by Micropipette Aspiration

Published on: January 19, 2020

8.8K
Freeze-Fracture Electron Microscopy for Extracellular Vesicle Analysis
11:30

Freeze-Fracture Electron Microscopy for Extracellular Vesicle Analysis

Published on: September 16, 2022

4.2K
Preparation of Giant Vesicles Encapsulating Microspheres by Centrifugation of a Water-in-oil Emulsion
05:43

Preparation of Giant Vesicles Encapsulating Microspheres by Centrifugation of a Water-in-oil Emulsion

Published on: January 24, 2017

14.8K

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Microbiology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Gas vesicles (GVs) are protein-based nanostructures enabling buoyancy in microorganisms.
  • GVs are explored for biotechnological applications, including imaging and actuation.
  • GV diameter is critical for mechanical stability, buoyancy, and imaging properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explain discrepancies in reported GV diameters.
  • To establish accurate methods for measuring GV diameter using electron microscopy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized electron microscopy (EM) techniques.
  • Compared measurements from air-dried GVs with cryo-EM and negatively stained GVs.
  • Investigated the effect of air drying on GV morphology.

Main Results:

  • Air drying causes GVs to flatten, increasing apparent diameter by approximately 1.5-fold.
  • Accurate GV diameter can be measured directly from cryo-EM samples.
  • Indirect measurements from collapsed GVs provide reliable diameter data.

Conclusions:

  • Air drying artifacts explain inconsistencies in previous GV diameter measurements.
  • Cryo-EM and specific indirect methods offer accurate determination of GV dimensions.
  • Standardized measurement techniques are crucial for understanding GV structure-function relationships.