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Health Care Waste Management Improvement Interventions Specifications and Results: A Systematic Review and
Ali Ashtari1, Jafar Sadegh Tabrizi1, Ramin Rezapour1
1Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
This systematic review and meta-analysis found that health care waste management interventions significantly improve knowledge, attitude, and practice. However, methodological limitations necessitate caution when interpreting results.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Public Health Policy
- Healthcare Management
Background:
- Effective Health Care Waste Management (HCWM) is crucial.
- Comprehensive information on HCWM interventions is needed.
- This study systematically reviews and meta-analyzes HCWM interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the characteristics and outcomes of HCWM interventions.
- To identify effective strategies for improving HCWM.
- To assess the impact of interventions on key HCWM indicators.
Main Methods:
- Extensive literature search across multiple databases (PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, etc.) and gray literature from 2000-2019.
- Keywords included various terms related to waste management and disposal facilities.
- Meta-analysis performed using CMA software (version 2).
Main Results:
- Twenty-seven interventions were evaluated, primarily educational (19) and multifaceted managerial (8).
- Most studies were pre-post designs without control groups, conducted in hospitals after 2010.
- Interventions significantly improved Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) with a mean difference of 3.04 (2.54-3.54).
- Waste production, management costs, and overall performance also showed improvement.
Conclusions:
- HCWM interventions demonstrate a positive effect on improving waste management outcomes.
- Methodological deficiencies and high heterogeneity in published studies require cautious interpretation.
- Further high-quality research is needed to strengthen the evidence base for HCWM interventions.
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