Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

7.0K
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
7.0K
Testing a Claim about Mean: Known Population SD01:11

Testing a Claim about Mean: Known Population SD

3.0K
A complete procedure of testing the hypothesis about a population mean is explained here.
Estimating a population mean requires the samples to be distributed normally. The data should be collected from the randomly selected samples having no sampling bias. The sample size needed to be higher than 30, and most importantly, the population standard deviation should be already known.
In most realistic situations, the population standard deviation is often unknown, but in rare circumstances, when it...
3.0K
Fixed Action Patterns01:06

Fixed Action Patterns

16.9K
A fixed action pattern (FAP) is a specific, hard-wired sequence of behaviors that occurs in response to an external stimulus, called a sign stimulus. The behavior is “fixed” because it is essentially unchangeable—proceeding similarly across individuals of a species every time it occurs.
16.9K
Migration00:53

Migration

8.3K
Migration is long-range, seasonal movement from one region or habitat to another. This common strategy, carried out by many different organisms around the world, is an adaptive response that typically corresponds to changes in an organism’s environment, like resource availability or climate. Migrations can involve huge groups of thousands of animals as well as single individuals traveling alone and can range from thousands of kilometers to just a few hundred meters.
8.3K
Hybrid Zones02:29

Hybrid Zones

21.3K
Hybrid zones are narrow regions where two closely related species interact, mate, and produce hybrids. Relative to either parent species, hybrids may possess distinct phenotypic or genetic differences that impact their survival and reproductive success. The genetic variances introduced by hybridization influence species diversity and speciation processes within the hybrid zone.
21.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

KLHL41 orchestrates sarcomere assembly and size to drive skeletal muscle hypertrophy <i>in vivo</i>.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Natural reversal of cavefish heart asymmetry is controlled by Sonic Hedgehog effects on the left-right organizer.

Development (Cambridge, England)·2024
Same author

Publisher Correction: Maternal control of visceral asymmetry evolution in Astyanax cavefish.

Scientific reports·2021
Same author

Maternal control of visceral asymmetry evolution in Astyanax cavefish.

Scientific reports·2021
Same author

Author Correction: A hypomorphic cystathionine ß-synthase gene contributes to cavefish eye loss by disrupting optic vasculature.

Nature communications·2020
Same author

A hypomorphic cystathionine ß-synthase gene contributes to cavefish eye loss by disrupting optic vasculature.

Nature communications·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 15, 2025

Incremental Temperature Changes for Maximal Breeding and Spawning in Astyanax mexicanus
06:36

Incremental Temperature Changes for Maximal Breeding and Spawning in Astyanax mexicanus

Published on: February 14, 2021

4.3K

Incremental Temperature Changes for Maximal Breeding and Spawning in Astyanax mexicanus.

Li Ma1, Ruby Dessiatoun1, Janet Shi1

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Maryland.

Journal of Visualized Experiments : Jove
|March 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Maximizing Mexican tetra (Astyanax mexicanus) embryo production is key for studying evolution. Incremental temperature shifts from 72°F to 78°F over three days significantly boost spawning success and embryo yield.

More Related Videos

Gamete Collection and In Vitro Fertilization of Astyanax mexicanus
10:52

Gamete Collection and In Vitro Fertilization of Astyanax mexicanus

Published on: May 25, 2019

9.8K
Raising the Mexican Tetra Astyanax mexicanus for Analysis of Post-larval Phenotypes and Whole-mount Immunohistochemistry
06:42

Raising the Mexican Tetra Astyanax mexicanus for Analysis of Post-larval Phenotypes and Whole-mount Immunohistochemistry

Published on: December 28, 2018

9.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 15, 2025

Incremental Temperature Changes for Maximal Breeding and Spawning in Astyanax mexicanus
06:36

Incremental Temperature Changes for Maximal Breeding and Spawning in Astyanax mexicanus

Published on: February 14, 2021

4.3K
Gamete Collection and In Vitro Fertilization of Astyanax mexicanus
10:52

Gamete Collection and In Vitro Fertilization of Astyanax mexicanus

Published on: May 25, 2019

9.8K
Raising the Mexican Tetra Astyanax mexicanus for Analysis of Post-larval Phenotypes and Whole-mount Immunohistochemistry
06:42

Raising the Mexican Tetra Astyanax mexicanus for Analysis of Post-larval Phenotypes and Whole-mount Immunohistochemistry

Published on: December 28, 2018

9.4K

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Aquatic Genetics

Background:

  • The Mexican tetra (Astyanax mexicanus) is a valuable model organism for evolutionary and developmental studies.
  • Distinct surface-dwelling and cave-dwelling morphs exhibit significant differences in traits like eyes, pigmentation, and sensory organs.
  • Understanding the genetic and developmental basis of these divergent traits requires a consistent supply of embryos.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail a reliable method for stimulating maximal spawning and obtaining high-quality embryos from Mexican tetras.
  • To optimize laboratory breeding protocols for Astyanax mexicanus, facilitating research into evolutionary adaptations.

Main Methods:

  • Controlled laboratory breeding of Astyanax mexicanus.
  • Manipulation of environmental factors, focusing on incremental temperature changes.
  • A specific temperature ramping protocol: gradual increase from 72°F to 78°F over three days, followed by a decrease back to 72°F.

Main Results:

  • The described incremental temperature increase protocol reliably induces maximal spawning over two to three consecutive days.
  • This method yields a high number of high-quality embryos essential for experimental research.
  • The protocol provides a repeatable and effective means to manage breeding cycles in laboratory settings.

Conclusions:

  • Incremental temperature adjustments are a critical factor in maximizing spawning efficiency in Mexican tetras.
  • This optimized breeding strategy supports ongoing research into the developmental and evolutionary mechanisms of this model species.
  • The outlined workflow ensures a consistent and abundant supply of embryos for scientific investigation.