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The electron beam in liquid cell transmission electron microscopy (LCTEM) influences nanoparticle motion near surfaces. Nanoparticles exhibit anomalous diffusion, changing from fractional Brownian motion to continuous-time random walk with increasing electron beam dose rates.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics, chemistry, and biology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Studying nanoparticle motion near surfaces is crucial across scientific disciplines.
  • Liquid cell transmission electron microscopy (LCTEM) offers high-resolution imaging for dynamic processes.
  • Understanding electron beam effects is vital for accurate in situ nanoparticle tracking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the influence of electron beam dose rates on nanoparticle motion in LCTEM.
  • To characterize the anomalous diffusion behavior of gold nanoparticles near a silicon nitride membrane.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms governing nanoparticle dynamics under electron irradiation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized liquid cell transmission electron microscopy (LCTEM) with a model system of gold nanoparticles in water.
  • Varied electron beam dose rates to observe changes in nanoparticle movement.
  • Employed a convolutional deep neural network and statistical tests to analyze anomalous diffusion patterns.

Main Results:

  • Nanoparticle diffusion behavior was modulated by the electron beam dose rate.
  • At low dose rates, motion resembled fractional Brownian motion (viscoelastic medium).
  • At high dose rates, motion shifted to continuous-time random walk (energy landscape with pinning sites).

Conclusions:

  • Electron beam radiolysis of water and surface silanol species on the membrane dictate nanoparticle motion.
  • The observed behaviors are explained by the formation of ionic species and surface interactions.
  • This work clarifies electron beam influences, enabling more precise LCTEM applications for interface studies.